Meraki Duo Vpn

This article outlines instructions to configure a client VPN connection on commonly-used operating systems. For more information about client VPN, please refer to our Client VPN Overviewdocumentation.

For troubleshooting, please refer to our Troubleshooting Client VPN documentation.

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Log onto the Cisco Meraki Dashboard and navigate to Configure Client VPN. Select the option to enable the Client VPN Server. Set the Client VPN Subnet. This will be a unique IP subnet offered to clients connecting to the MX Security Appliance via a Client VPN connection.
We are currently using a Meraki MX84 for VPN. It connects to our Active Directory to authenticate users. I am setting up a Duo Authentication Proxy to tie into my Meraki MX84 so I can have Multi-Factor Authentication on my VPN. The Duo Auth Proxy is asking for a Radius Secret from the Meraki.
Meraki Client VPN uses the Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) to transmit and authenticate credentials. PAP authentication is always transmitted inside an IPsec tunnel between the client device and the MX security appliance using strong encryption.

Android

To configure an Android device to connect to the Client VPN, follow these steps:

Navigate to Settings -> Wireless & Networks -> VPN
Click the Plus Icon to add an additional VPN profile

Name: This can be anything you want to name this connection, for example, 'Work VPN.'
Type: select L2TP/IPSEC PSK
Server address: Enter the hostname (e.g. .com)orthe active WAN IP (e.g. XXX.XXX.XXX). Hostname is encouraged instead of active WAN IP because it is more reliable in cases of WAN failover. Admin can find them in Dashboard, under Security appliance > Monitor > Appliance status.
IPSec pre-shared key: Enter the pre-shared key that admin created in Security appliance >Configure > Client VPN settings.
Press save

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You will be prompted for user credentials when you connect.

Chrome OS

Chrome OS based devices can be configured to connect to the Client VPN feature on MX Security Appliances. This allows remote users to securely connect to the LAN. This article will cover how to configure the VPN connection on a Chrome OS device. For more information on how to setup the Client VPN feature of the MX or how to connect from other operating systems, please visit the MX documentation.

If you haven't already, sign in to your Chromebook.
Click the status area at the bottom of your screen, where your account picture is located.
Select Settings.
In the 'Internet connection' section, click Add connection.
Select Add private network.
In the box that appears, fill in the information below:
1. Server hostname:Enter the hostname (e.g. .com)orthe active WAN IP (e.g. XXX.XXX.XXX). Hostname is encouraged instead of active WAN IP because it is more reliable in cases of WAN failover. Admin can find them in Dashboard, under Security appliance > Monitor > Appliance status.
2. Service name: This can be anything you want to name this connection, for example, 'Work VPN.'
3. Provider type: Select L2TP/IPsec + Pre-shared key.
4. Pre-shared key: Enter shared secret that admin created in Security appliance >Configure > Client VPN settings.
5. Username credentials for connecting to VPN. If using Meraki authentication, this will be an e-mail address.
6. Password credentials for connecting to VPN.
Click Connect.

For more information regarding the configuration of VPN connections in Chrome OS, visit the Google Support page.

To configure an iOS device to connect to the Client VPN, follow these steps:

Navigate to Settings -> General-> VPN -> Add VPN Configuration...
Type: set to L2TP.
Description:This can be anything you want to name this connection, for example, 'Work VPN.'
Server: Enter the hostname (e.g. .com)orthe active WAN IP (e.g. XXX.XXX.XXX). Hostname is encouraged instead of active WAN IP because it is more reliable in cases of WAN failover. Admin can find them in Dashboard, under Security appliance > Monitor > Appliance status.
Account: Enter the username
Password: Enter if desired. If the password is left blank, it will need to be entered each time the device attempts to connect to the Client VPN.
Secret: Enter shared secret that admin created in Security appliance >Configure > Client VPN settings.
Ensure that Send All Traffic is set to On.
Save the configuration.

macOS

Currently only the following authentication mechanisms are supported:

User authentication: Active Directory (AD), RADIUS, or Meraki hosted authentication.

Machine authentication: Preshared keys (a.k.a., shared secret).

When using Meraki hosted authentication, VPN account/user name setting on client devices (e.g., PC or Mac) is the user email address entered in the Dashboard.

The instructions below are tested on Mac OS 10.7.3 (Lion).

Open System Preferences > Network from Mac applications menu. Click the '+' button to create a new service, then select VPN as the interface type, and choose L2TP over IPsec from the pull-down menu.

Server Address: Enter the hostname (e.g. .com)orthe active WAN IP (e.g. XXX.XXX.XXX). Hostname is encouraged instead of active WAN IP because it is more reliable in cases of WAN failover. Admin can find them in Dashboard, under Security appliance > Monitor > Appliance status.
Account Name: Enter the account name of the user (based on AD, RADIUS or Meraki Cloud authentication).

Click Authentication Settings and provide the following information:

User Authentication > Password: User password (based on AD, RADIUS or Meraki Cloud authentication).
Machine Authentication > Shared Secret: Enter shared secret that admin created in Security appliance >Configure > Client VPN settings.

Click OK to go back to the main VPN settings page, then click Advanced and enable the Send all traffic over VPN connection option.

The VPN connectivity will not be established if you don't enable the Send all traffic over VPN connection option!

Windows 7

Currently only the following authentication mechanisms are supported:

User authentication: Active Directory (AD), RADIUS, or Meraki hosted authentication.

Machine authentication: Preshared keys (a.k.a., shared secret).

When using Meraki hosted authentication, VPN account/user name setting on client devices (e.g., PC or Mac) is the user email address entered in the Dashboard.

Open Start Menu > Control Panel, click on Network and Internet, click on View network status and tasks.

In the Set up a connection or network pop-up window, choose Connect to a workplace (Set up a dial-up or VPN connection to your workplace).

Choose Use my Internet connection (VPN), in the Connect to a workspace dialog window.

In the Connect to a Workplace dialog box, enter:

Internet address: Enter the hostname (e.g. .com)orthe active WAN IP (e.g. XXX.XXX.XXX). Hostname is encouraged instead of active WAN IP because it is more reliable in cases of WAN failover. Admin can find them in Dashboard, under Security appliance > Monitor > Appliance status.
Destination name:This can be anything you want to name this connection, for example, 'Work VPN.'

Choose 'Don't connect now; just set it up so that I can connect later' option.

Click Next. In the next dialog window, enter the user credentials, and click Create.

Close the VPN connection wizard.

Go to Networking and Sharing Center and click Change Adapter Settings

In Network Connections window, right-click on the new VPN connection settings and choose Properties

In the General tab, verify the hostname (e.g. .com)orthe active WAN IP (e.g. XXX.XXX.XXX). Hostname is encouraged instead of active WAN IP because it is more reliable in cases of WAN failover. Admin can find them in Dashboard, under Security appliance > Monitor > Appliance status.

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In the Options tab, uncheck 'Include Windows logon domain'

In the 'Security' tab, choose 'Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol with IPsec (L2TP/IPSec)'.

Then, check 'Unencrypted password (PAP)', and uncheck all other options.

Click on 'Advanced settings'.

Despite the name 'Unencrypted PAP', the client's password is sent encrypted over an IPsec tunnel between the client device and the MX. The password is fully secure and never sent in clear text over either the WAN or the LAN.

In Advanced Properties dialog box, choose 'Use preshared key for authentication' and enter the pre-shared key that admin created in Security appliance >Configure > Client VPN settings.

Back at the Network Connections window, right-click on the VPN connection and click Connect

Verify your user name and click Connect.

Windows 8

Currently only the following authentication mechanisms are supported:

User authentication: Active Directory (AD), RADIUS, or Meraki hosted authentication.

Machine authentication: Preshared keys (a.k.a., shared secret).

When using Meraki hosted authentication, VPN account/user name setting on client devices (e.g., PC or Mac) is the user email address entered in the Dashboard.

Open Start Menu > Network and Sharing Center and click Settings.

In the Network and Sharing Center, click Set up a new connection or network.

In the Set Up a Connection or Network pop-up window, choose Connect to a workplace.
(Set up a dial-up or VPN connection to your workplace).

Choose Use my Internet connection (VPN), in the Connect to a Workspace dialog window.

In the Connect to a Workplace dialog box, enter:

Internet address: Enter the hostname (e.g. .com)orthe active WAN IP (e.g. XXX.XXX.XXX). Hostname is encouraged instead of active WAN IP because it is more reliable in cases of WAN failover. Admin can find them in Dashboard, under Security appliance > Monitor > Appliance status.
Destination name:This can be anything you want to name this connection, for example, 'Work VPN.'

Click Create.

Go back to Network and Sharing Center and click Change Adapter Settings.

In the Networks Connections window, right click on the VPN connection icon and choose Properties.

In the 'Security' tab, choose 'Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol with IPsec (L2TP/IPSec)'.

Then, check 'Unencrypted password (PAP)', and uncheck all other options.

In Advanced Properties dialog box, choose 'Use preshared key for authentication' and enter the pre-shared key that admin created in Security appliance >Configure > Client VPN settings.

Back at the Network Connections window, right-click on the VPN connection and click Connect / Disconnect.

Find your VPN profile and click Connect.

Enter your user name and password.

Windows 10

Currently only the following authentication mechanisms are supported:

User authentication: Active Directory (AD), RADIUS, or Meraki hosted authentication.

Machine authentication: Preshared keys (a.k.a., shared secret).

When using Meraki hosted authentication, VPN account/user name setting on client devices (e.g., PC or Mac) is the user email address entered in the Dashboard.

Open Start Menu > Search 'VPN' > Click Change virtual private networks (VPN)

From the VPN settings page, click Add a VPN connection.

In the Add a VPN connection dialog:

VPN provider: Set to Windows (built-in)
Connection name: This can be anything you want to name this connection, for example, 'Work VPN.'
Server name or address: Enter the hostname (e.g. .com)orthe active WAN IP (e.g. XXX.XXX.XXX). Hostname is encouraged instead of active WAN IP because it is more reliable in cases of WAN failover. Admin can find them in Dashboard, under Security appliance > Monitor > Appliance status.
VPN type: Select L2TP/IPsec with pre-shared key
User name and Password: optional

Press Save.

After the VPN connection has been created, click Change adapter options under Related settings.

Right-click on the VPN Connection from the list of adapters and click Properties.

In the Security tab, select 'Require encryption (disconnect if sever declines)' under Data encryption.

Then, select 'Allow these protocols' under Authentication. From the list of protocols, check 'Unencrypted password (PAP)', and uncheck all other options.

In Advanced Properties dialog box, choose 'Use preshared key for authentication' and enter the pre-shared key that admin created in Security appliance >Configure > Client VPN settings.

Back at the Network Connections window, right-click on the VPN connection and click Connect / Disconnect.

Find your VPN profile and click Connect.

Click OK.

Windows XP

Currently only the following authentication mechanisms are supported:

User authentication: Active Directory (AD), RADIUS, or Meraki hosted authentication.
Machine authentication: Preshared keys (a.k.a., shared secret).

When using Meraki hosted authentication, use the email address for VPN account / user name.

Open Start Menu > Control Panel, click on Network Connections.

In the Network Tasks section, click on Create a new connection.

Choose Connect to the network at my workplace, in the New Connection Wizard window.

Choose Virtual Private Network connection in the next section.

Then, give a name for this connection. This can be anything you want to name this connection, for example, 'Work VPN.'

Enter the hostname (e.g. .com)orthe active WAN IP (e.g. XXX.XXX.XXX). Hostname is encouraged instead of active WAN IP because it is more reliable in cases of WAN failover. Admin can find them in Dashboard, under Security appliance > Monitor > Appliance status.

In the Connect <Connection Name> box, click on Properties

In the Options tab, uncheck 'Include Windows logon domain'

In the Security tab, choose Advanced (custom settings).

In Advanced Security Settings page, select Optional encryptionfrom the Data encryption pull-down menu.

Choose Unencrypted password (PAP) from the Allow these protocols options and uncheck everything else.

Back on the Security tab, click IPSec Settings...

Check 'Use pre-shared key for authentication' and enter the pre-shared key that admin created in Security appliance >Configure > Client VPN settings.

In Networking tab, choose L2TP IPSec VPN from the Type of VPN options.

Back at the Network Connections window, right-click on the VPN connection and click Connect

Verify your user name and click Connect

Since Client VPN uses the L2TP over IPsec standard, any Linux client that properly supports this standard should suffice. Please note that newer versions of Ubuntu do not ship with a VPN client that supports L2TP/IP, and will therefore require a 3rd party VPN client that supports the protocol.

Note: The xl2tp package does not send user credentials properly to the MX when using Meraki Cloud Controller authentication, and this causes the authentication request to fail. Active Directory or RADIUS authentication can be used instead for successful authentication.

Configuring Ubuntu 20.04

Ubuntu does not support L2TP VPN by default. You will need to install a couple of software packages to enable this functionality. The instructions below were written for Ubuntu 20.04 LTS with the Gnome desktop environment. Ubuntu versions 16.04 and 18.04 can be configured in a similar manner. However, due to the large number of Linux versions available, it is not feasible to document every supported Ubuntu version.

In order to begin the VPN setup, open up a terminal window. Do this by searching for Terminal in your application list. Click on the Terminal icon to open a new terminal session.

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Once the terminal window appears, you will need to enter a few commands.

Note: You will need to be a part of the “sudoers” group to install these packages. If you receive an error message like “<username> is not in the sudoers file.” you will need to either adjust your permissions, contact your administrator to add your account as an administrator or have them install the software for you.

Once the packages have been installed, you may open up the Network Settings by searching for Settings in the application list, or by clicking on the Network icon at the top right of the screen and selecting Wired (or Wireless) Settings.

Once the Network Settings window pops up, you will see there is a VPN section listed. Click on the + icon to set up a new VPN connection.

Select the Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) VPN type on the modal pop up window. If L2TP is not listed as an option, please see the first step about installing the required packages.

After selecting the L2TP option, a new modal will pop up titled Add VPN. Fill out your VPN Name, Gateway, User name, and Password information here.

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Note: To save your password on this screen, you must select the appropriate option from the question mark on the password field.

Next, click on the IPsec Settings button to open the L2TP IPsec Options modal.

Once the modal pops up, expand the Advanced options, and enter the following:

Select OK to continue. You will be returned back to the Add VPN modal. Select the PPP Settings button.

On the L2TP PPP Options modal, select only the PAP authentication method. Be sure the other authentication methods are de-selected. All other options can remain as the default. Select OK to continue.

Select Add at the top right corner of the Add VPN modal to complete the VPN setup.

Now you may connect your VPN by toggling the button on the Network Settings page:

Or by selecting the Connect option from the top right corner menu.

Upon successful connection, a VPN icon will appear next to the network icon in the status bar.

Note: The version of network-manager-l2tp that is installed along with xl2tpd is known to cause issues when connecting to Meraki Appliances. To alleviate this, you must disable the xl2tpd service when using the network-manager GUI to connect to a Meraki VPN.

To stop the xl2tpd service once use this Terminal command:

sudo service xl2tpd stop

To stop the xl2tpd service for all subsequent reboots use this Terminal command:

sudo update-rc.d xl2tpd disable

Auto VPN Best Practices

The best practices listed here focus on the most common deployment scenario, but is not intended to preclude the use of alternative topologies. The recommended SD-WAN architecture for most deployments is as follows:

MX at the datacenter deployed as a one-armed concentrator
Warm spare/High Availability at the datacenter
OSPF route advertisement for scalable upstream connectivity to connected VPN subnets
Datacenter redundancy
Split tunnel VPN from the branches and remote offices
Dual WAN uplinks at all branches and remote offices

Auto VPN at the Branch

Before configuring and building Auto VPN tunnels, there are several configuration steps that should be reviewed.

WAN Interface Configuration

While automatic uplink configuration via DHCP is sufficient in many cases, some deployments may require manual uplink configuration of the MX security appliance at the branch. The procedure for assigning static IP addresses to WAN interfaces can be found in our MX IP assignment documentation.

Some MX models have only one dedicated Internet port and require a LAN port be configured to act as a secondary Internet port via the device local status page if two uplink connections are required. MX models that require reconfiguring a LAN port as a secondary Internet port currently include the MX64 line, MX67 line, and MX100 devices. This can also be verified per-model in our installation guides online. This configuration change can be performed on the device local status page on the Configure tab.

Subnet Configuration

Auto VPN allows for the addition and removal of subnets from the Auto VPN topology with a few clicks. The appropriate subnets should be configured before proceeding with the site-to-site VPN configuration.

Hub Priorities

Hub priority is based on the position of individual hubs in the list from top to bottom. The first hub has the highest priority, the second hub the second highest priority, and so on. Traffic destined for subnets advertised from multiple hubs will be sent to the highest priority hub that a) is advertising the subnet and b) currently has a working VPN connection with the spoke. Traffic to subnets advertised by only one hub is sent directly to that hub.

Configuring Allowed Networks

To allow a particular subnet to communicate across the VPN, locate the local networks section in the Site-to-site VPN page. The list of subnets is populated from the configured local subnets and static routes in the Addressing & VLANs page, as well as the Client VPN subnet if one is configured.

To allow a subnet to use the VPN, set the Use VPN drop-down to yes for that subnet.

Auto VPN at the Data Center

Deploying a One-Armed Concentrator

A one-armed concentrator is the recommended datacenter design choice for an SD-WAN deployment. The following diagram shows an example of a datacenter topology with a one-armed concentrator:

NAT Traversal

Meraki Duo Vpn

Whether to use Manual or Automatic NAT traversal is an important consideration for the VPN concentrator.

Use manual NAT traversal when:

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There is an unfriendly NAT upstream
Stringent firewall rules are in place to control what traffic is allowed to ingress or egress the datacenter
It is important to know which port remote sites will use to communicate with the VPN concentrator

If manual NAT traversal is selected, it is highly recommended that the VPN concentrator be assigned a static IP address. Manual NAT traversal is intended for configurations when all traffic for a specified port can be forward to the VPN concentrator.

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Use automatic NAT traversal when:

None of the conditions listed above that would require manual NAT traversal exist

If automatic NAT traversal is selected, the MX will automatically select a high numbered UDP port to source Auto VPN traffic from. The VPN concentrator will reach out to the remote sites using this port, creating a stateful flow mapping in the upstream firewall that will also allow traffic initiated from the remote side through to the VPN concentrator without the need for a separate inbound firewall rule.